Combination lock



y 1947- F. K. HEYEFL COMBINATION LOCK I Filed Se pt. 16, 1945 s Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOYR A/g 5 .refiq,

ATTORNEY FK BY' YIIIIIIIIIII ,lllllllll I!!! Illllllllllll!!! July 22, 1947.

F. K. HEYER COMBINATION Locx Filed Sept. 16, 1943 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR ATTORNEY July 22, 1947. v F. K. HEYER 2,424,396

COMBINATION LOCK Filed Sept. 16, 1945 5 Shelets-Sheet s July 22, 1947. F. K. H EYER COMBINATION LOCK Filed Sept. 16, 1943 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 FlNVEtlT/OQ K BY f/ ATTORNEY July22, 1947.

F. K HEYER COMBINATION LOCK Filed Sept. 16, 1943 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 lllllllllllllll. l nll nl ll h nn lNVENTOR /7 e af' v BY I Aq'TORNEY Patented July 22,194?

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE COMBINATION LOCK Frederic K. Heyer, Stamford, Conn, assignor to The Yale &TOW118 Manufacturing Company, Stamford, Conn, a corporation of Connecticut ApplicaticnSeptember 16, 1943, Serial No. 502,564

43 Claims.

This invention relates to combination locks and more particularly to a combination lock that is adapted for use on lockers.

- Even more particularly, my invention relates to a: combination lock of the type disclosed in the Brauning Patent 2,112,982 granted April 5, 1938, i and: owned by the Yale & Towne Manufacturing Company to whom this applicationis assigned. The object of. my invention is the reduction topractice of a combination lock having several :meritorious features that have long been sought by this art, and which adapt my lock for application to many different types of constructions,

The Brauning lock is handedhowever, and must therefore be turned about for right-hand and left-hand installations.

'A' feature of my lock resides in an extremely novel form of locking bolt, and in the locking bolt,

and lock housing relationship whereby the bolt will operate equally well on a right-hand or lefthand door without requiring the lock housing to be turned about for either installation.

In the Br'auning lock, thesetting of the tumblers releases the lock bolt for operation by the latch of the locker, and the said latch is equipped with a handle whereby it may be operated when the bolt of the lock is released. In other words, the combination setting dial knob of the Brauning patent is used merely to set the combination tumblers and cannot be used to retractthe latch bolt of the locker, the said latch bolt having a handle secured thereto for the particular purpose.

As a feature of my invention, upon the proper setting of the combination tumblers, the lock bolt may be moved as in the Brauning look by operation of the latch bolt of the locker. It is also possible in the very same lock, to move the bolt, and therefore the locker latch bolt, through operation of the combination setting dial knob. It is therefore possible, if desired, to dispense with the outside operating handle of the locker latch bolt when my lock is utilized. This is an extremely important feature because it adapts my lock for utilization in many types of structures additional to structures of the type illustrated in the Brauning patent, all as will-be quite apparent to those skilled in the art.

A further feature of my invention resides in an extremely novel and simple type of disperser mechanism for dispersing the combination, the disperser acting preferably as the bolt is thrown into locking position.

A further feature of -my lock resides in its adaptability for use with the automatically dropping latch bolt now applied to most lockers. Thus, my lock makes it possible for the locker latch bolt to be held up in unlocking position,

to drop automatically into locking position upon closing of the locker door, to be held locked thereafter by the bolt of my lock, and with the 1ocking operation being accompanied by the dispersal of.the previously set combination.

A further feature-of my invention resides in the mechanism whereby the bolt'may be released and retracted by key operated mechanism independently of the tumblers. While such mechanism is found in the art, the means that I have evolved are extremely simple, novel and eifective.

Afurther feature of my invention resides in the novel means for changing the combination of the lock and in the means whereby the combination changing means are controlled.

' Ihave thus outlined theseveral more important features of my inventionin order that the nature of my invention and its relation to the prior art may-be better appreciated. A considerable number of features that will be claimed hereinafter I have not as yet outlined because they will be better understood after a reading of the specification. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that my inventionmay be embodied in various a mechanical structures, and that it should therefore not be-limited by the particular mechanical means herein to be described.

For a detailed description of my invention I shall refer to the drawings wherein *Fig. 1 is a vertical view of part of a locker showing my lock applied thereto.

"Fig. 2 is a section taken along lines 2--2 of i Fig. 3- is a section taken along lines 3-3 of Fig- 1.

Fig. 4-. is a perspective view of certain of the parts of Fig. 3.

*Fig. 5 illustrates the cooperation of the bolt of thelock with a modified form of latch bolt in which the latch bolt is moved by the dial knob of the lock rather than by a handle fixed to the latch bolt.

Fig. 6 is a section similar to that of Fig. 2

Fig. 7 is a section taken along lines 1-4 of 'Fig. 7a is a view of the end of the dial knob assembly.

-Fig8 is asection taken along lines 8--8 of "Fig. 7.

Figs] 9 and 10 are sections taken respectively ing-the operation of the bolt by the dial knob of the lock.

. 3 Fig. 12 is a section taken along lines I2--I2 of Fig. illustrating the form of the disperser.

Fig. 13 is a view similar to Fig. 11 illustrating the action of the disperser.

Fig. 14 is a perspective view of the bolt of my lock showing its relation to the dog.

Fig. 15 is a sectional view of the tumbler casing illustrating the construction of certain parts of the lock.

Figs. 16 and 17 are taken along lines I6I6 of Fig. 15 and illustrate the operation of the fence relatively to the dog of the bolt.

Fig. 18 is a perspective view of the fence.

Fig. 19 is an exploded View of the tumbler casing and the tumblers.

Fig. 20 is a perspective view of the tumbler casing looking at it from the rear.

Fig. 21 is a perspective view of the entire lock assembly showing the bolt in release position.

Fig. 22 is a perspective view of the entire lock assembly examined from the side opposite that shown in Fig. 21.

Fig. 23 is a section taken along lines 2323 of Fig. 21.

Figs. 24 and 25 are views taken along lines 25-25 of Fig. 23 illustrating the action of the combination changing mechanism.

Referring now more particularly to the drawlugs, and especially Figs. 1 to 5 inclusive and Figs. 21 and 22, I illustrate a standard form of locker designated by reference numeral I0 and having a usual latch :bolt II equipped with a handle I2 and locking lugs I3. As best shown in Figs. 3 and 4, the locking lugs I3 are adapted to slide behind ears I4 of a pair of strikes I5 on the main frame of the locker, it being understood that the latch bolt I I is mounted for sliding motion on the door I5 of the locker, and locks the said door to the main frame through the intermediary of the said lugs I3 and strike ears I4.

When the locker latch bolt I I is moved into its upper position, as allowed by its slots I! 00- operating with guide pins I8, the door I6 may be moved into open position. As the door is opened with the latch bolt I I in its said upper position, a surface ISa of a spring detent I9 will spring into a notch 20 of the latch bolt I I and hold that latch bolt in said upper release position. When the door is again moved to closing position, the surface I9b of the spring detent I9 will contact the edge of the lower strike I5 so as to be forced out of the notch 29 of the locker latch bolt II. The locker latch bolt may then drop into its looking position with its locking lugs I3 behind the ears I4 of the strikes I5.

The mechanism just described is old and Well known in the art, and reference is merely made thereto in order that my contribution to the art may be better understood.

Movement of the locker latch bolt II upwardly to its release position is prevented by the bolt 22 of my lock, best illustrated in Figs. 1, 14, 21 and 22. This bolt 22 has a pair of opposed locking lugs 23, one on each side of the lock housing so that if the lock is secured to a right-hand door, one of the lugs 23 will cooperate with an extending arm 24 of the locker latch bolt H as illustrated in Fig. 1. If the lock is applied to a door opening oppositely from that illustrated in Fig. 1, it is obvious that the other locking lug 23 will cooperate with the arm 24 of the locker latch bolt II.

In the installation illustrated in Fig. 1, upon setting of the combination tumblers of the lock by-the dial knob 25, the bolt 22 is released for sliding motion in an upward direction. The handle I2, fixed to the locker latch bolt II, may then move the latch bolt vertically from the position of Fig. 3 to release the door I6 for opening. The latch bolt II through its arm 24 and the lugs 23 of the lock bolt 22, when moved to release the door for opening, moves the bolt 22 vertically from its position of Fig. l to its position of Figs. 21 and 22. The bolt 22 and the locker latch bolt are then retained in their upper release position by the spring detent I9 until the door is closed. When the door is closed and detent I9 is moved, the latch bolt II will drop vertically into locking position and will be accompanied by the bolt 22. Thereafter the bolt 22 will be locked and Will hold the latch bolt II looked, all as will hereinafter be set forth.

In the installation of my lock illustrated in Figs. 5 and 6, the arm 24 of the locker latch bolt is modified to take the form indicated by reference numeral 24a in Fig. 5. There the arm 24a is illustrated as having a pair of arms 24b projecting over and under the bolt lug 23 so that movement of the bolt 22 upwardly or downwardly will effect a similar movement of the latch bolt II. The locker latch bolt II in the modification of Figs. 5 and 6, does not have a handle such as the handle I2 in the modification of Figs. 1 and 2. The latch bolt II is therefore movable only through the dial knob 25 after the setting of the combination tumblers, all as will hereinafter be set forth in detail. It is thus seen that in the modification of Figs. 1 and 2 the locker latch bolt I I is adapted to operate the bolt 22 as said latch bolt is moved by its handle I2, whereas in the modification of Figs. 5 and 6 the bolt 22 operates the locker latch bolt as the bolt is moved by the dial knob 25. An important feature of my invention is its adaptability for use in each assembly without any adjustment or change of the parts thereof.

Referring now to Figs. 7, 9, 14, 21 and 22 it will be noted that the housing of my lock is designated by reference numeral 25, and is equipped with track ways 21 at each side thereof for the accommodation of vertical guides 28 formed as a part of the bolt 22. In other words, through the construction shown, the bolt 22 is adapted for vertical sliding motion relatively to the lock housing 26 and with its looking lugs 23 at each side of the housing all for the purposes already set forth and hereinafter to be detailed.

In Fig. 9 it will be noted that a pair of opposed springs 29 bear at their lower ends against shoulders 30 of the bolt 22 and at their upper ends against heads 3| of guide pins 32. The guide pins 32 bear partially against shoulders 33 of the bolt 22 and partially against shoulders 34 of the housing 26. As is quite apparent, the particular structure will tend to center the bolt 22 relatively to the housing 26 and yieldingly to oppose sliding motion of the bolt relatively to the housing.

The lock housing 26 is formed with a circular opening 35, as best illustrated in Figs. 9 and 21, and rotatable within this opening is what I term a tumbler casing 36, best illustrated in Figs. 19 and 20. While I prefer to use a casing to hold the tumblers in position, any holder will operate satisfactorily, and the term casing as herein used is intended to define merely a tumbler holder or tumbler mounting device. On the rear end of the tumbler casing 36,there are formed a pair of pins 37 and 38 With the pin 38 being somewhat longer than the pin 3'1 for reasons that arehereinafter'set forth. As shown in Fig: 19, a post 39 extends centrally from the tumbler casing 35 and is formed as anintegral part of the said casing.

A series of tumblersM are mounted within the tumbler casing 35 and are adapted for rotation'about the axis of thepost'39. The tum- 'blers lil are assembled within the casing in any usual manner known in the art and are actuated one by the other through fingers 4| of a series of operating discs 42 assembled relatively to any one of a series of holes 43 in the tumblers, all as maybe determined'by the particular combination of the lock. The outermost tumbler is 'desig nated by reference numeral 44 andhas formed integrally therewith a clutch disc 45 that is ratcheted at 45 for a purpose to be hereinafter set forth. An assembly washer 41 is illustrated also 'in Fig. 19 and its coaction with the tumbler casing 36 for holding the parts assembled within the casing is quite apparent.

The fence of my lock is of very unusual design and is designated in Fig. 18 by reference numeral 48.' That part of the fence that actually enters the gatings of the tumblers is designated by reference numeral 49 and is grooved as at 58 for a's'pring 5| secured to the tumbler casing 35. It is thefunction of the spring 51', as best seen in Fig. 15, to press the fence part 49 yieldingly against the periphery of the several tumblers 40 and the outside tumbler 44, for entry into the gatings 52 of the said tumblers when those gatings are properly aligned. In Figs. 15 and 16 the fence 48 is shown out of the tumbler gatings,

while in Fig. 1'? the fence is shown within the tumbler gatings.

It will of course be noted that the fence 43 is 'slidable relatively to the tumbler casing 36 but is rotatable integrally therewith. It will therefore'be appreciated that when the fence is outside the tumbler gatings, tumbler casing 3B and the fence 48 may rotate freely relatively to the tumblers, and vice versa, and that when the fence is within the gatings of the tumblers,

then the tumblers and the tumbler casing are interlocked for rotation as a unit. Such rotation may then be imparted by dial knob 25 as will later be indicated.

The fe'nce48 is equipped with a pin 53 having a necked'portion 53a that rides within a slot 54 of a dog 55. This dog is best illustrated in Figs.

7, 14, 16 and 17, as well as in other figures of the drawings. In Figs. '7, 16 and 17 it will be noted that the dog 55 is formed with a rounded head 56 resting against the inner surface 22a of the bolt 22, and is through this rounded head adapted for easy pivotal motion as well as sliding motion relatively to the said surface 22a. The rounded head 56 is bored as at 51 for mounting on e, peculiarly shaped bearing pin 58 extending from a stud 59 fixed in the housing 26 of the look as best illustrated in Fig. 7. Because of the shape of the pin 58, the dog 55 may readily pivot from the right to the left in Figs. 7, 16 and 1'7 with thesurface of its rounded head moving relatively to the surface 22a. of the bolt 22. This motion is contributed to the dog by the disc 6!] secured at the end of necked portion 53a, of the pin 53 of the fence 48. As the fence moves from the position of Figs. 7 and 16 to the position of Fig. 17, the disc 60 will coact with the curved surface SI of the dog 55 to move the dog as fully illustrated in Fig. 1'7. This movement of the dog will of'oourseb'ring-its lower end-away from.

" dogging relation to a detent lug 62 extending outwardly from'the surfaceZZa of the bolt 22 "and formed as an integral part of the bolt 22.

Ordinarily, thedog 55 will lie against a-shelf 63 extending fromsur-face 22a and in dogging relation to the detent "62, thereby preventing movementof the bolt-upwardly relatively to-the housing 26 from'the positionof Figs. 1 and "l to the position of Figs.- 21 and 22. When'the-tumblers are set and the fence 48 is in the'position of Fig. 17-, the bolt may of course be moved to the release position of Figs. 21 and- 22 as is quite apparent, since the dog-55 no longer opposes the movement of the bolt.

plate 65 formed as a part of surface-fla or the bolt 22 is adapted for cooperation with the-longer pin 38 of the two pins 31, 38 extending from the tumbler casing 36, for rotating the tumbler casing 36 when the bolt 22 is moved upwardly to the position of Figs. 21 and22 by the locker latch bolt H as that locker latch bolt is operated by the handle [2. In other words, whenthe bolt'22 is actuated by the locker latch bolt ll through the handle l2, the cam surface 65 rotates the tumbler casing 38 through the long pin 38 and with the short pin 31 by-passing the plate -65 by-riding over the said plate. On the other hand, when the dial-knob 25 is to be reliedupon to move the latch bolt I l with the bolt 22", it is one or'the' other of the pins 31 and 38 cooperating with the surface 64 ofthe bolt 22 that moves the said bolt. If the long pin 38 moves the bolt the short pin rides over the surface of cam 65. If the short pin 31 is used to retract the bolt through surface 64, then the long pinmoves free cream 65 because of the cut-away corner 65a of said cam.

I shall now describe in more detail the operation of the mechanism referred to. The construction of the dial knob 25 and the mechanism therein contained is not my invention, being fully illustrated in the Brauning patent referred to. It is merely necessary for the purpose of the present application to consider that the dial knob 25 is adapted to rotate the opposed driving lugs 10 best illustrated in Figs. 7 and 7a. These lugs in turn are adapted to enter slots H in the driving clutch member 12. This driving clutch member 12 is formed integrally with a sleeve 13 having a ratcheted flange 14 that normally is in engagement with the ratcheted surface 46 of the disc 45 secured to the tumbler 44 best illustrated in Fig. 19. 'In view of this relationship of the parts, rotation of the dial knob 25 will effect rotation of the tumblers 40, 44 to align the gatings '52. Once the gatings 52 are aligned as in Fig. 17, the part 49 of the fence 43 will enter those gatings.

As it enters the gatings, the disc 60 secured to fence 48 through the pin 53 and the necked portion 53a will move the dog 55 out of the plane of the detent 62 of the bolt 22. The bolt will now be released for movement.

As was earlier set forth, once the fence 48 enters the several gatings 52 of the tumblers, the tumblers and the tumbler casing 36 become interlocked for movement as a unit. Therefore, with the parts in the condition set forth, the dial knob 25 may rotate the tumblers and the tumbler casing 36. This rotation of the tumbler casing 36 is well illustrated in Fig. 11 wherein the pin 38 is shown against the under surface 64 of shelf 63 extending from the bolt 22, and coopersting with the said surface 64 to lift and hold the bolt in its release position of Figs. 21 and 22. During this movement of the parts, the dog 55 has been moved by the necked portion 53 over into the position illustrated in Fig. 11. When the parts return to their initial position upon lowering of bolt 22, the dog 55 will of course assume its normal position of Figs. 14 and 16. The operation just described is the operation that takes place when the modification of Figs. and 6 is utilized; that is, when the dial knob 25 retracts bolt 22 and locker latch bolt l I.

If, with the dog 55 out of the plane of the detent lug 62 as in Fig. 17 because of the setting of the tumblers by dial knob 25, it is desired to release the latch bolt ll through the handle l2 in the modification of Figs. 1 and 2, then the bolt 22 may be moved upwardly through latch II to- Ward the position of Figs. 21 and 22. During this movement the cam plate 65 will contact the longer pin 38 of the tumbler casing 36, and will rotate that tumbler casing to the position illustrated in Fig. 13. The short pin 31 will merely glide over the cam plate 65 so as not to interfere with the action of the said cam plate. The tumbler casing 36 will rotate approximately in the same manner as in Fig. 11 carrying the dog 55 with it as illustrated in that figure.

It is highly desirable that regardless of whether the tumbler casing 36 rotates to retract the bolt 22, or is rotated by the bolt 22, the tumbler combination be dispersed. For the particular purpose a spring plate disperser I5 is utilized, being Well illustrated in Figs. 10, 11, 12, 13 and 15. In Fig. 12 the fence 48 is shown as overlying the central portion 15a of the disperser 75 when the tumbler casing is in the normal locked position shown in full lines in Fig. 10. This same relation of the parts is illustrated in the side view of Fig. 16. When the fence enters the gatings of the several tumblers, it moves downwardly into the position of Fig. 17 relatively to the disperser surface 15a, and as illustrated in dotted lines in Fig. 10. It will be noted that the spring wings 76 of the disperser extend into the plane of the fence in Fig. 16, and that as the fence rotates with tumbler casing 36 to the position of Figs. 11 and 13 from the dotted line position of Fig. 10, the fence depresses one spring wing 16 of the disperser 15 and then releases that wing as it moves beyond it.

In Figs. 11 and 13 the fence 48 is shown beyond one of the wings 76 of the disperser. If now the tumbler casing is rotated in a reverse direction incidental to the dropping of the bolt 22 from its position of Figs. 21 and 22 to its position of Fig. 7. the fence 48 will of course rotate with the tumbler casin 36. Its end surface will abut the wing 76 of the disperser and will be moved by that wing out of the tumbler gatings to the position of Fig. 15. This motion takes place during the first part of the movement of the tumbler casing from the position of Figs. 11 and 13 to the position of Fig. 15. Once the fence is outside the tumbler gatings, it is moved with the tumbler casing 36 relatively to the tumblers, so as to disperse the combination. When the parts return to their position of Fig. 15 the fence is of course outside of the gatings and the mechanism is once again locked.

As already set forth, it i necessary to operate the dial knob 25 and the parts rotatable therewith in order to set the tumblers with their gatings in alignment, and thus release the bolt 22 for sliding movement by the tumbler casing 33 or by movement of the latch bolt H. In other words, the dog 55 must be moved out of the plane of the lug 62 to the position of Fig. 1'7 through the setting of the tumblers, if the bolt 22 is to be retracted either through the tumbler casing 36 by pins 31 and 38, or by the locker latch bolt II. It is also to be noted that regardless of whether the bolt is moved by the locker latch bolt II or by the tumbler casing 36 directly, the combination is dispersed when the bolt 22 is moved back to locking position.

Within the dial knob 25 there is mounted a key plug and this key plug controls the rotation of a sleeve 8! as fully set forth in the Brauning patent. If it is desired to retract the bolt without setting up the combination tumblers, it is possible to do this by the operation of the key plug 80 and sleeve 8!, utilizing the key 82. As best illustrated in Figs. 7 and 7a, the lug 83 of the sleeve 8| is adapted to enter the arcuate slot 84 of post 39 as the sleeve 8| i inserted over the central post 39 of the tumbler casing. Thereafter, the central post 39 may be rotated by the key plu through sleeve 8| to effect rotation of the tumbler casing 36, all without the intermediary of the fence 48 and the initial movement of dog 55.

Rotation of the tumbler casing 36 by the operation of key plug 86 first acts to rotate the dog 55 through the necked portion 53a of pin 53 of the fence 48. This rotation will move the dog 55 away from the detent lug 62 of the bolt 22. Continued rotation of tumbler casing 36 of course acts to move the bolt 22 to its release position just as in the case where the tumbler casing 36 is rotated through the intermediary of the tumblers with the dial knob 25. It is thus seen that I have devised an extremely simple structure for the operation of the mechanism by a key, where such 5 operation is desirable.

It is many times required to reset the combination of the lock. In my structure this may be done by first separating the ratcheted flange 14 of sleeve 73 on driving clutch member 12, from the teeth 46 of the disc 45 shown in Fig. 19. For this purpose there is utilized a control slide 85 best illustrated in Fig. 21 and shown in operation in Figs. 7, 23, 24 and 25. In the position of the parts in Figs. 7 and 24, the cam surface 86 of th slide 85 is maintained against the ratcheted flange 14, holding the driving clutch member 12 in position with the teeth of the flange 14 in engagement with the teeth 46. The enlarged opening 8'! of slide 85 is opposite the shouldered portion 88 of the sleeve 13 of which flange 14 i an integral part. This is of course the normal relationship of the parts when the slide 85 is in the position of Figs. 7, 21 and 24.

If the bolt 22 is now moved to its release position of Fig. 22, a keyway 89 is exposed and a. key 90 may be inserted into this keyway to bring its bitted portion 9| into contact with a part of the slide 65 as is best illustrated in Figs. 21, 23 and 25. Rotation of the key 98 may now be utilized to move the slide 85 on its bearings formed on the lock casing 36, from the position of Figs. 7, 21 and 4 to the position of Figs. 23 and 25. The narrow portion 92 of the opening in the slide 85 is, during this motion, adapted to coact with the shouldered portion 88 of the sleeve 73 to move teeth of flange I l and theteeth 46 of the disc d secured to tumbler M. Thedial knob 25 may therefore now be rotated to move the said dial knob relatively to the series of tumblers soas to change the combination. Once this combination is changed, the key Sil moves the slide 85 back to its position of Figs. '7, 21 and 24 to bring the teeth of flange M back into engagement with the teeth 46 and resume the driving relationship between the dial knob 25 and the tumblers. The tumblers will of course now be operated in accordancewith the new combination.

I believe that from the outlined description first given in the specification, the detailed description later given, and the several reviews of the mechanism presented in this specification,"the operation of my invention will now be quite apparent to those skilled in the art.

I now claim:

1. In a lock of the class described, a housing having opposed parallel sides, a bolt, means on the outside faces of said opposed sides of said housing forming a bearing for said bolt,and parts of said bolt riding on each of said bearings for sliding movement relatively to said housing.

2. In a lock of the class described, a housing having opposed parallel sides, a bolt, means on the said opposed sides of said housing forming a bearing for said bolt, parts of said bolt riding on each of said bearings for sliding movement relatively to said housing, and a bolt lug extending from said bolt at each side of said housing.

3. In a lock of the class described, a housing,

a bolt mounted for movement in a fixed plane relatively to said housing and having a detent portion, a dog in said housing having a part thereof lying in the plane of said detent portion to block movement of said bolt in said fixed plane, and means for moving said dog angularly to the plane of. said detent and the said fixed plane whereby to bring said part out of obstructing relation to said detent.

4. In a lock of the class described, a housing, a bolt .mounted for movement in a fixed plane relatively to saidhousing and having a detent portion, a dog pivoted in said housing and having a part thereof lying in the plane of said detent portion to block movement of said bolt, a series, of combination tumblers, and means controlled by the setting of said tumblers for moving said dog angularly on its pivot, whereby to move said part of the dog angularly relatively to the plane of said detent portion and said fixed plane out of locking relation to said bolt detent.

5. In a lock of the class described, a housing, a bolt mounted for movement in a fixed plane relatively to said housing and having a detent portion, a dog, a universal pivot mounting for said. dog in said housing, a part of said dog nor mally lying in the plane of said detent portion to lock: movement of said bolt, a series of combination tumblers, means controlled by the setting of said tumblers for moving said dog on its pivot and said part of the d-ogangularly out of the plane of said detent portion, and key operated means {or moving saiddog on said universal pivot to one side of said detent.

6. in lock of theclass described, a housing, a bolt movable on said housing between retracted and projected positions, a dog for dogging said bolt against movement, a tumbler casing mounted for rotation in said housing, means whereby rotation ofsaid casing retracts said bolt, tumblers having gatings rotatable in said tumbler casing, a fence movable to release position into saidgatings when said tumblers are properly p0 sitioned with said gatings aligned, means whereby said fence when moved to release position moves said dog out of dog ing relation to said" bolt, and means whereby said fence when insaid gatingslinterlocks saidtumbler'basing and said tumblers so that rotationof said tumblersthere after rotates said tumbler casing to retractsaid' bolt.'

7. In a lock of the class described, a housing, a

bolt movable on; said housing'betw'een retracted and projected positions, a dog for dogging said "boit'against movement, a tumbler casing m'o'unt ed for rotation in s'aidhousing, means whereby rotation of said casing retracts said boltftumblers" having gatings rotatable :in said tumbler casing, aience movable to release position into "said gatings when said tumblers areproperly po sitioned with said gatings aligned means where-j by said fence when moved to release position moves saiddcgout of dogging relation tdsaid' r' bolt, means whereby said fence when 'in' semen ings interlocks said tumbler casing and said turn blei s "that rotation of said tumblers there? after rotates saidtumbler casing to retract said bolt, a disperser by-passe'd' by said fence'as it ro-jf tates with saidtumble'rs and casing to retract bolt, said disperser movings'aid'iehce out of said tumbler gatin'gs upon return rotation of Said tumbler Casing. I l

8. In alock of the class describ d, a housing, a bolt movable" on said housing between retractl 'cd and projected positions, a dog for dogging said s es m mf ht mbl r s hs e nti ed for movement in said housing, means whereby movement of said casing retracts said bolt, tum-' blers having gatings rotatable in'saidtumbler casing, a fence movable to release position into said gatings when saidtumblers are properly 0 sitioned with said gating aligned, meanswhere by said fence when moved to release'position moves's'aid dog out of dogging relation to said bolt, and means whereby said fenc'e whenin said gatiri'gs interlocks said tumbler casing and sai'd tumblers so that movement of "said tumblers thereafter moves said tumbler casing to retract said bolt.

9. In a lock of the class described, a housing, a bolt movable on said housing between retracted andprojected positions a dog for dogging said bolt against movement, a tumbler casing'mountedfor movement in said housing, means whereby movement of said tumbler casing retracts said bolt,'or"retraction of said bolt moves said tumbier casing, tumblers having gatings rotatable in said tumbler casing,a fence movable to release position into said gatings when said tumblers: are properlypositioned with said gatings aligned,

means whereby said fence when movedt'o release position moves said dog out of dogging relation to said bolt, and means whereby said fence when in said gatings interlocks said tumblehcasing and said tumblers so that movement of said tum;

blers thereafter moves saidtumbler casingto ref tract said bolt, or retraction of said bolt'moves saidtumbler casing and tumblers.

"10. In a lock of the class described, a housing, a bolt movable on said housing between retracted and projectedpositions, a'dog for clogging said bolt against movement, a tumbler casingmounted for rotation in said housing, means whereby rotation of said tumbler casing retractssaid bolt,

or retraction of said bolt rotates said tumbler casing, tumblers having gatings rotatable in said tumbler casing, a fence movable to release position into said gatings when said tumblers are properly positioned with said gatings aligned, means whereby said fence when moved to release position moves said dog out of dogging relation to said bolt, means whereby said fence when in said gatings interlocks said tumbler casing and said tumblers so that rotation of said tumblers thereafter rotates said tumbler casing and tumblers, a disperser by-passed by said fence as it rotates with said tumblers and tumbler casing to retract said bolt, said disperser moving said fence out of said tumbler gatings upon return rotation of said tumbler casing.

11. In a lock of the class described, a housing, a bolt movable on said housing between retracted and projected positions, a tumbler casing mounted for rotation in said housing, means whereby rotation of said tumbler casing moves said bolt into its retracted position, tumblers in said tumbler casing, a fence movable into gatings in said tumblers upon proper alignment of said tumblers and adapted to interlock said tumblers and tumbler casing when so moved, and means for looking said bolt against retraction controlled by said fence whereby to release said bolt for retraction when said fence enters said gatings.

12. In a lock of the class described, a housing, a bolt movable on said housing between retracted and projected positions, a tumbler casing mounted for rotation in said housing, means whereby rotation of said tumbler casing moves said bolt into its retracted position, tumblers in said tumbler casing, a fence movable into gatings in said tumblers upon proper alignment of said tumblers and adapted to interlock said tumblers and tumbler casing when so moved, means for locking said bolt against retraction controlled by said fence whereby to release said bolt for retraction when said fence enters said gatings, and means whereby said bolt rotates said tumbler casing when pressure is applied to said bolt to move it to its retracted position after said fence controlled locking means releases said bolt for retraction.

13. In a lock of the class described, a housing, a bolt movable on said housing between retracted and projected positions, a tumbler casing mount-, ed for rotation in said housing, means whereby rotation of said tumbler casing moves said bolt into its retracted position, tumblers in said tumbler casing, a fence movable into gatings in said tumblers upon proper alignment of said tumblers and adapted to interlock said tumblers and tumbler casing when so moved, means for locking said bolt against retraction controlled by said fence whereby to release said bolt for retraction when said fence enters said gatings, and manual means for rotating said tumblers to first align the gatings thereof for entry of said fence and thereafter to rotate said tumbler casing to retract said bolt.

14. In a lock of the class described, a housing, a bolt movable on said housing between retracted and projected positions, a tumbler casing mounted for rotation in said housing, means whereby rotation of said tumbler casing moves said bolt into its retracted position, tumblers in said tumbler casing, a fence movable into gatings in said tumblers upon proper alignment of said tumblers and adapted to interlock said tumblers and tumbler casing when so moved, means for locking said bolt against retraction controlled by said fence whereby to release said bolt for retraction when said fence enters said gatings, a disperser bypassed by said fence as it rotates with said tumblers and casing to retract said bolt, said disperser moving said fence out of said tumbler gatings upon return rotation of said tumbler casing.

15. In a lock of the class described, a housing, a bolt movable on said housing between retracted and projected positions, a tumbler casing mounted for rotation in said housing, means whereby rotation of said tumbler casing moves said bolt into its retracted position, tumblers in said tumbler casing, a fence movable into gatings in said tumblers upon proper alignment of said tumblers and adapted to interlock said tumblers and tumbler casing when so moved, means for locking said bolt against retraction controlled by said fence whereby to release said bolt for retraction when said fence enters said gatings, manual means for rotating said tumblers to first align the gatings thereof for entry of said fence and thereafter to rotate said tumbler casing to retract said bolt, a disperser by-passed by said fence as it rotates with said tumblers and casing to retract said bolt, said disperser moving said fence out of said tumbler gatings upon return rotation of said tumbler casing.

16. In a lock of the class described, a housing, a bolt movable on said housing between retracted and projected positions, a tumbler casing mounted for rotation in said housing, means whereby rotation of said tumbler casing moves said bolt into its retracted position, tumblers mounted for rotation in said casing, a fence movable into gatings in said tumblers upon proper alignment of said tumblers and adapted to interlock said tumblers and tumbler casing when so moved, means for locking said bolt against retraction controlled by said fence whereby to release said bolt for retraction when said fence enters said gatings, key operated means for rotating said tumbler casing independently of said tumblers, said fence moving with said tumbler casing to release said bolt from said locking means as said tumbler casing is rotated.

17. In a lock of the class described, a housing, a bolt movable on said housing between retracted and projected positions, a tumbler casing mounted for rotation in said housing, means whereby rotation of said tumbler casing moves said bolt into its retracted position, a central post extending from said tumbler casing, tumblers mounted on said post for rotation in said casing, a fence movable into gatings in said tumblers upon proper alignment of said tumblers and adapted to interlock said tumblers and tumbler casing when so moved, means for locking said bolt against retraction controlled by said fence whereby to release said bolt for retraction when said fence enters said gatings, key operated means for rotating said central post independently of said tumblers whereby to rotate said tumbler casing independently of said tumblers, said fence moving with said tumbler casing to release said bolt from said locking means as said tumbler casing is rotated.

18. In a lock of the class described, a housing, a bolt movable on said housing between retracted and projected positions, a dog for dogging said bolt against movement, a tumbler casing mounted for rotation in said housing, means whereby rotation of said casing retracts said bolt, tumblers having gatings rotatable in said tumbler casing, a fence movable to release position into said gatings when said tumblers are proper- 1y positioned with said gatings aligned, means whereby said fence when moved to release position moves said dogout of doggingrelation to said bolt, means whereby said fence when-in said gatings interlocks said tumbler casing and said tumblers so that rotation of saidtumblers thereafterrotates said tumbler casing-to:retract said whereby rotation of said casingretractsrsaidn bolt, tumblers having -l gatings rotatable in i said tumbler casing; afence movable to release position into said gatings when said tumblers are properly positioned with said gatings aligned,

means whereby said fence when moved-tore lease-position moves said dog out of doggingrelation to said bolt, means whereby-said fence whenin said gatings interlocks said tumblercase ing;v and said tumblers so that .rotation 'ofsaid tumblers'thereafter rotates said tumbler casing to retract said bolt, and key operated means for rotating said tumbler casing independently of said tumblers, said rotation of said casing by said key rotating said fence and through said fence moving said dog out of-dogging position.

20. In a lock of the class described ,'a.housing, a bolt movable on said housinglbetween retracted and projected positions, a tumblercasing mounted for rotatiorrin said housing, means whereby rotation of said tumblercasingmoves said. bolt into its retracted position, a central post extending from said tumbler casing, tumblers mounted on said post for rotation inusaid I casing, a fence movable into gatings in saidtum blers upon proper alignment of said-tumblers and adapted to interlock said tumblers and tumbler casingwhen so moved,"means for lockingisaid'bolt against retraction controlled by said fencewhereby to release said bolt for retractionwhen said fence=enters said gatings, andkey operated means forrotating said central post independently of said-tumblers whereby to rotate said tumbler casing independently of said tumblers.

21. In a. lock-of the class described, a housing, a bolt movable on said housing between retracted and projected positions, a tumbler casing mounted for rotation in said housing, means whereby rota- F tiorrof said tumbler casing moves said bolt intoits retracted position, tumblers in said-tumbler casing, a fence rotatable with said tumblercasing and slidab-ly mounted thereon for movement-into gatings in said tumblers upon proper alignment of said tumblers whereby to interlock said tumblers" and tumbler casing when so moved, and means for lockingsaid bolt against retraction controlled by said fence adapted to release said boltfor retraction when said fence moves into said gatings and when said fence rotates with said tumblercasing whiie remaining outside of said gatings.

22. In a lock of the class described, a housing, a bolt movable on said housing betweenretracted and projected positions, a tumbler casing'mounted for rotation in said housing, means whereby rotation ofsaid tumbler casing moves said bolt into its retracted position, tumblersin said tum-- bler casing, a fence rotatable with saidtumbler casing and slidablymounted thereon for movement into gatings in said tumblers uponproper alignment of said tumblers whereby to interlock said tumblers and tumbler casing when so moved,

means for lockin v saidbolt against retraction controlled, by said .fence to release said ,bolt for retraction when said fence moves into said gatings first align the gatings thereof for entry of said fence and thereafter to rotate said tumbler casing through said tumblers to retract said bolt.

23. In a lock-of the class described, a housing,

a bolt movable onsaid housing between retracted 'andproiected positions, atumbler casing mounted for-rotation insaid housing, means whereby rotationfof said-tumbler casing moves said bolt into its retracted position, tumblers in said tumbler casingg afence rotatable withsaid tumbler casing and slidably mounted thereon f or movement into gatings in saidtumblers upon proper alignment;

of said-tumblerswhereby to interlock said tum.- blers and tumbler casing when somoved, means forlockingsaid bolt-againstretraction controlled by said ienceto releasesaid boltwfor retraction when-said fence :moves into said gatings andwhen said fencerotates with saidtumblercasing while remaining outside of saidgatings, manual means for rotating .saidtumblers to firstualignthe get-,- ingsthereof for entry of said fence and thereafter torotate ,said tumbler casing through said turn-v ble'rsto retract said bolt, and key operated means, for .rotatingsaid tumbler casing independently of said tumblers and. fence.

2%. In av lockof the class described, a housing, a bolt movable on. saidhousingbetween retracted and projected positions, a tumbler casing mounted forrotation in said housing, means whereby rotation. of. saidtumbler casing moves said .bolt into its retracted. position, ascentral post extending from said tumblercasing, tumblers mounted onv said postffor rotation .in said casin aa fence, rotatable withsaidtumbler casing and ,slidably mounted thereon. for movement into gatings in said tumblers upon ,1 proper. alignmentof said tumblers where-by tointerlock said tumblers and tumbler casingewhen; so moved. and means for lockingsaid bolt against retraction controlled by,

its retracted position, tumblers in said tumbler casing, aifence rotatable with said tumber casing I and slidably mounted. thereon for movement into.

gatings in-said tumblers upon proper alignment of said tumblers Whereby tc interlock said tumblers andtumbler casing when so moved, means for locking said bolt against retraction controlled by said ,fenceto release said boltforretraction when said-fence moves into said gatings and when said fence-rotates wi h said tumbler casingwhile remaining-outside of said gatings, and key operated means for rotating said tumbler casingindependently of said tumblers.

26,- In alook of the class described, ahousing, a bolt movable on said housing betweenretracted and projected positions, a-tumbler casingmounted for/rotation in said housing, means whereby rotation of said tumbler casing moves bolt into its retracted position, tumblers in said tumbler. casing, afencerotatable-with said tumbler casing and slidably mounted thereon for movement into gatingsin said tumblers uponproper alignment ofsaidstumblerswhereby to interlock said vim-m blers and tumbler casing when so moved, a dog pivoted on said housing and held positioned to dog retractive movement of said bolt when said fence is outside said gatings and. said casing is in an initial position, and means whereby said fence moves said dog out of dogging relation to said bolt when said fence moves intosaid tumbler gatings and when said fence rotates with said casing while out of said tumbler gatings.

27. In a lock of the class described, a housing, a bolt movable on said housing between retracted and projected positions, a tumbler casing mounted for rotation in said housing, means whereby rotation of said tumbler casing moves said bolt into its retracted position, tumblers in said tumbler casing, a fence rotatable with said tumbler casing and slidably mounted thereon for movement into gatings in said tumblers upon proper alignment of said tumblers whereby to interlock said tumblers and tumbler casing when so moved, a dog pivoted on said housin and held positioned to dog retractive movement of said bolt when said fence is outside said gatings and said casing is in an initial position, means whereby said fence moves said dog out of dogging relation to said bolt when said fence moves into said tumbler gatings and when said fence rotates with said casing while out of said tumbler gatings, and key operated means for rotating said tumbler casing independently of said tumblers for moving said fence to move the dog out of dogging relation to the bolt.

28. In a lock of the class described, a housing, a bolt movable on said housing between retracted and projected positions, a tumbler casing mounted for rotation in said housing, means whereby rotation of said tumbler casing moves said bolt into its retracted position, tumblers in said tumbler casing, a fence rotatable with said tumbler casing and slidably mounted thereon for movement into gatings in said tumblers upon proper alignment of said tumblers whereby to interlock said tumblers and tumbler casing when so moved, means for locking said bolt against retraction controlled by said fence to release said bolt for retraction when said fence moves into said gatings and when said fence rotates with said tumbler casing while remaining outside of said gatings, a disperser bypassed by said fence as it rotates with said tumblers and casing to retract said bolt, said disperser moving said fence out of said tumbler gatings upon return rotation of said tumbler casing.

29. In a lock of the class described, a housing,

a bolt movable on said housing between retracted and projected positions, a tumbler casing mounted for rotation in said housing, a surface on said tumbler casing adapted to contact a surface of said bolt when said tumbler casing rotates in one direction to retract said bolt, a surface on said tumbler casing adapted to contact a surface of said bolt when said casing rotates in the opposite direction to retract said bolt, tumblers in said tumbler casing, a fence controlled by said tumblers, and means whereby said fence prevents retraction of said bolt until it moves into gatings of said tumblers.

30. In a lock of the class described, a housing, a bolt movable on said housing between retracted and projected positions, a tumbler casing mounted for rotation in said housing, means whereby said tumbler casing retracts said bolt when it is rotated, tumblers in said tumbler casing having gatings, a fence controlled by said tumblers, and means whereby said fence dogs said bolt against 16 retraction until it moves into the gatings of said tumblers.

31. In a lock of the class described, a housing, a bolt movable on said housing between retracted and projected positions, a tumbler casing mounted for rotation in said housing, means whereby rotation of said casing retracts said bolt, tumblers having gatings rotatable in said tumbler casing, a fence movable to release position into said gatings when said tumblers are properly positioned with said gatings aligned, a dog for said bolt, means whereby said fence moves said dog out of dogging position as said fence enters said gatings, and means whereby said fence when in said gatings interlocks said tumbler casing and said tumblers so that rotation of said tumblers thereafter rotates said tumbler casing to retract said bolt.

32. In a lock of the class described, a housing, a bolt movable on said housing between retracted and projected positions, a tumbler casing mounted for rotation in said housing, means whereby rotation of said casing retracts said bolt, tumblers having gatings rotatable in said tumbler casing, a fence movable to release position into said gatings when said tumblers are properly positioned with said gatings aligned, a dog for said bolt, means whereby said fence moves said dog out of dogging position as said fence enters said gatings, means whereby said fence when in said gatings interlocks said tumbler casing and said tumblers so that rotation of said tumblers thereafter rotates said tumbler casing to retract said bolt, key operated means for rotating said tumbler casing independently of said tumblers, and said fence moving said dog out of dogging position as it rotates with said tumbler casing whereby to release said bolt.

33. In a lock of the class described, a housing, a, bolt movable on said housing between retracted and projected positions, a tumbler casing mounted for rotation in said housing, means whereby rotation of said casing retracts said bolt, tumblers having gatings rotatable in said tumbler casing, a fence movable to release position into said gatings when said tumblers are properly positioned with said gatings aligned, means whereby said fence when in said gatings interlocks said tumbler casing and said tumblers so that rotation of said tumblers thereafter rotates said tumbler casing to retract said bolt, a disperser by-passed by said fence as it rotates with said tumblers and casing to retract said bolt, said disperser moving said fence out of said tumbler gatings upon return rotation of said tumbler casing.

34. In a lock of the class described, a housing, a bolt movable on said housing between retracted and projected positions, a tumbler casing mounted for rotation in said housing, means whereby said tumbler casing retracts said bolt when it is rotated, means whereby pressure against said bolt urging it toward a retracted position rotates said tumbler casing, tumblers in said tumbler casing having gatings, a' fence controlled by said tumblers, and means whereby said fence prevents retraction of said bolt until it moves into the gatings of said tumblers.

35. In a lock of the class described, a housing, a bolt movable on said housing between retracted and projected positions, a tumbler casing mounted for rotation in said housing, means whereby rotation of said tumbler casing moves said bolt into its retracted position, means whereby pressure against said bolt urging it toward a retracted position rotates said tumbler casing, tume blers in said tumbler casing, a fence movable ed for rotation in said housing, means whereby rotation of said tumbler casing, moves-said bolt into its retracted position, means whereby pressure against said bolt urging it toward a retracted position rotates said tumbler casing, tumblers in said tumbler casing, a fence movable into gatings in said tumblers upon proper alignment of said tumblers and adapted'to interlock said tumblers and tumbler casing When so moved, means for locking said bolt against retraction released by said fence when said fence enters said gatings, a disperser by-passed by said fence as it rotatesv with said tumblers and casing to retract said bolt, said disperser moving said fence out of said tumbler gatings upon return rotation of said tumbler casing.

37. In a lock of the class described, a housing, a bolt movable on said housing between retracted and projected positions, a tumbler casing mount ed for rotation in said housing, a surface on'said tumbler casing adapted to contact a surface of said bolt when said casing rotates in one direction to retract said bolt, a surface on said bolt adapted to rotate the tumbler casing upon application of pressure against said bolt urging it toward its retracted position, tumblers in said tumbler casing having gatings, a fence controlled by said tumblers, and means whereby said fence prevents retraction of said bolt until it moves into the gatings of said tumblers.

38. In a lock of the class described, a housing,

a bolt movable on said housing between retracted and projected positions, a, tumbler casing mounted for rotation in said housing, a pin on said tumbler casing adapted to impinge against a surface on said bolt when said tumbler casing is rotated in one direction whereby to move the bolt to its retracted position, a second pin on said tumbler casing adapted to impinge against a surface on said bolt when said tumbler casing is rotated in a reverse direction whereby to move the bolt to its retracted position, a surface on said bolt adapted to impinge against one of said pins to rotate said casing when pressure is applied to said bolt urging it toward its retracted position, tumblers in said tumbler casing, a fence movable into gatings in said tumblers upon proper alignment of said tumblers and adapted to interlock said tumblers and tumbler casing when so moved, and means for locking said bolt against retraction controlled by said fence adapted to release said bolt for retraction when said fence enters said gatings.

39. In a lock of the class described, a housing, a bolt movable on said housing between retracted and projected positions, a tumbler casing mount- 7 ed for rotation in said housin a pin on said tumbler casing adapted to impinge against a surface on said bolt when said tumbler casing is rotated whereby to move the bolt to its retracted position, a surface on said bolt adapted to impinge against said pin to rotate said casing when pressure is applied to said bolt urging it toward its retracted position, tumblers in said tumbler casing, a fence movable into gatings in said tumblers upon proper alignment of said tumblers and adapted to interlock said tumblers and tumbler casing when so moved, means for locking said bolt against retraction controlled by said fence adapted to release said bolt for retraction whensaid fence enters said tumbler gatings, a disperser by-passed by said fence as it moves with said tumbler casing incidental to the move ment of said bolt to its retracted position, said disperser moving said fence out of said gatings when said fence and tumbler casing move as said bolt is projected, whereby said fence is thereafter moved with said tumbler casing relatively to said tumbler gatings.

40. In .a lock of the class described, a housing, a bolt movable on said housing between retracted and projected positions, a tumbler casing mounted for rotation in said housing, a pin on said tumbler casing adapted to impinge against a, surface on said bolt, when said tumbler casing is rotated in one direction whereby to move the bolt to its retracted position, a surface on said boltadapted to impingezagainst said pin to rotate said casing when pressure is applied to said bolt urging it toward its retracted position, tumblers in said tumbler casing, a fence movable into gatings in said tumblers upon proper alignment of said tumblers and adapted to interlock said tumblers and tumblercasing when so moved, and means for locking said bolt against retraction controlled by said fencewhereby to release said bolt for retraction when said fence enters said gatings, .a spring plate depressed by a surface of said fence as it moves .with said tumbler casing incidental to themovement of said bolt to its retracted position,said spring plate springing into contact with a second surface of said fence formovingsaid fence out of said gatings when said fence and" tumbler casing move with said bolt as said bolt is projected whereby said fence is thereafter 'moved with said tumbler casing relatively to said tumbler gatings.

41. In a lock of the class described, a tumbler casing, a, series of tumblers rotatably mounted in said casing, a fence mounted on bearing surfaces of said tumbler casing for sliding movement relatively to said casing and for rotation therewith, a spring bearing between said casing and said fence for urging said fence toward gatings in said tumblers and for entry into said gatings when said gatings are aligned, a dog pivotally mounted in said lock, and means whereby sliding movement of said fence moves said dog on its pivot.

42. In a lock of the class described, a tumbler casing, a series of tumblers rotatably mounted in said casing, a fence mounted on bearing surfaces of said tumbler casing for sliding movement relatively to said casing and for rotation therewith, said fence being movable into gatings of said tumblers for interlocking said tumblers and tumbler casing for rotation as a unit, a dog movably mounted in said lock, and means of connection between said fence and dog whereby movement of said fence into said gatings pivots said dog in one direction, and rotation of said fence with said casing when said fence is out of said gatings, pivots said dog in another direction.

43. In a lock of the class described, a tumbler casing having a, central post integral therewith,

a series of tumblers rotatably mounted on said central post, a fence mounted on bearing surfaces of said tumbler casing for sliding movement relatively to said casing and for rotation therewith, said fence being movable into gatings of said tumblers for interlocking said tumblers and tumbler casing for rotation as a unit, and means engaging said central post for rotating said tumbler casing independently of said tumblers when said fence is out of said tumbler gatings.

44. In a lock of the class described, a series of combination tumblers having gatings, a fence adapted to enter said gatings when said tumblers are properly aligned, means for rotating said tumblers and fence toward a release position once said fence is in said gatings, a disperser in the path of said fence and displaced by a surface of said fence as said fence rotates with said tumblers toward said release position, and said disperser cooperating with another surface of said fence as said fence rotates in a reverse direction from said release position for moving said fence out of said gatings. a

45. In a lock of the class described, a series of combination tumblers having gatings, a fence adapted to enter said gatings when said tumblers are properly aligned, means for rotating said tumblers and fence toward a release position once said fence is in said gatings, a disperser yieldingly held in the path of said fence and displaced by a surface of said fence as said fence rotates with said tumblers toward said release position, and said disperser being nonyielding relatively to said fence as said fence rotates in a reverse direction from said release position for moving said fence out of said gatings.

46. In a lock of the class described, a series of combination tumblers having gating's, a fence adapted to enter said gatings when said tumblers are properly aligned, means for rotating said tumblers and fence toward a release position once said fence is in said gatings, a spring plate in the path of said fence and underlying said fence so as to be cammed by the said fence out of obstructing relation thereto without exerting a force urging said fence out of the tumbler gatings, said fence passing beyond the end of the plate as the fence moves to said release 20 position whereby to allow the spring plate to move into obstructing relation to asurface of the fence as said fence rotates in.a reverse direction fromsaid release position for moving said fence out of said gatings.

47. In a lock of the class described, a housing, a bolt movable in said housing between projected and retracted positions, a dog pivotally mounted in said housing for rotary movement about the axis of its pivotal mounting, a detent lug on said bolt adapted to abut said dog upon attempted movement of said bolt prior to rotary movement of said dog on its pivotal mounting to one side of said detent lug, and said pivotal mounting allowing pivotal motion of said dog at substantially right angles to its said rotary movement to carry said dog out of the plane of said detent lug.

48. In a lock of the class described, a housing, a bolt movable on said housing between projected and retracted positions, a, dog substantially universally mounted in said housing, a detent lug on said bolt adapted to abut said dog to block retraction of said bolt, a tumbler casing rotatable on said housing, a fence slidable on said casing and rotatable therewith, a pin extending from said fence and into a slot in said dog for rotating said dog out of dogging relation to said bolt detent when said tumbler casing is rotated, and cam means whereby the pin of said fence moves said dog on its mounting means out of the plane of said bolt detent when said fence slides relatively to said tumbler casing and bolt.

FREDERIC K. HEYER.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent: 

